Includes bibliographical references (p. 458-460) and indexes.

Introduction -- Refining our typology on the ethics of war -- The pacifism of pre-Constantinian Christianity -- The meaning of the Constantinian shift -- The logic of the just war tradition -- Criteria of the just war tradition -- Interpreting the just war criteria -- The career of the just war theory -- The peace dimension of medieval moral concern -- The nonviolence of rabbinic Judaism -- The pacifism of the first Reformation -- Anabaptists in the continental Reformation -- The peace vision of Enlightenment humanism -- Quakerism in the Puritan Reformation -- Quakerism in early America: the holy experiment -- Pacifism in the nineteenth century -- Liberal Protestant pacifism -- Reinhold Niebuhr's "realist" critique -- Mennonites after Niebuhr -- Biblical realism and the politics of Jesus -- Other biblical themes -- Just war thinking revived -- The lessons of nonviolent experience -- Ecumenical theologies of revolution and liberation -- Varieties of contemporary Catholic peace concern -- Ecumenical conversations.